In the international financial markets to raise funds on the length of the loan period can be divided into short-term credit , medium-term credit and long-term credit of three.
First, short-term credit
Short-term loan term usually refers to credit funds in one year or less. Short-term capital market is generally referred to the money market . Loan periods as short as one day, called the day the loan. There are seven days, one month, two months, three months, six months, one year and so are several. Short-term loans , mostly 1 to 7 days and 1 to 3 months, a small number of 6 months or 1 year. This credit can be divided into banks and credit banks and between banks to non-bank customers ( corporate credit, government agencies, etc.), and credit between banks called interbank . This kind of loans entirely based interbank credit to borrow, do not sign the loan agreement . Banks, afterwards confirmed by telephone, electricity transmission cross in writing. Interbank period from 1 day to 6 months for many, more than six months and less. Each turnover of 1 billion Meiyuan less. Typical transactions between banks for each $ 10 million or so. Banking transactions to non-bank customers rarely.
Second, the medium-term credit
Medium-term credit refers to more than 1 year, 5 years of the loan. This loan is a loan agreement signed by the parties Bank lending. Because of this long term of the loan, the amount of large, sometimes lending banks require the borrower belongs to the State Government to provide guarantees . Medium-term lending interest rates higher than the short-term lending rates. Generally in the market interest rate plus some additional interest rate based on.
Third, the long-term credit
Long-term credit is more than five years of the loan, such loans usually consists of a number of banks that syndicated loans to a common customer . Syndicated loans of the parties, on the one hand is the borrower (such as banks, governments, companies , businesses, etc.); the other is to participate in the syndicated banks (including the lead manager , manager of the line , agency , etc.).
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Over and Termination of commercial banks
1, the bank's takeover.
Commercial banks have or may have a credit crisis, seriously affecting the interests of the depositors, the 中国人民银行 may take over the bank. Zhongyangyinhang purpose of taking over the credit crisis of commercial banks is to protect the interests of depositors and stabilize the financial market order, safeguard social stability. Over decision by the中国人民银行, and their implementation. 中国人民银行takeover decision should contain the following elements:
(1) the commercial name of the bank to be taken over;
(2) to take over the grounds;
(3) to take over the organization;
(4) to take over the period.
Over decision will be announced by the中国人民银行. Can be taken over by the 中国人民银行 be themselves and to be entrusted to other bodies to implement. Took over a maximum period of 2 years. Termination due to take over for the following reasons: First, the decision to take over the prescribed time limit had expired or中国人民银行decision to take over the extension of the expiration time; second, to take over before the expiry of the period, the bank has returned to the policy management capacity ; third, takeover deadline before the expiry of the bank was merged or declared legally bankrupt .
2, terminated.
(1) due to the dissolution of the bank terminated. Bank dissolution procedures include: filing for dissolution; approve the dissolution.
(2) Bank terminated due to cancellation;
(3) Bank due to bankruptcy and dissolution;
(4) the bank's liquidation. Its procedures:
A, payment and settlement costs;
B, repayment owed workers wages ;
C, pay personal savings deposits of principal and interest;
D, repayment of interest-bearing creditors priority;
E, other general creditors of the debt;
Distribution F, shareholders surplus property .